Related-Party Transactions |
3 Months Ended |
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Mar. 31, 2017 | |
| Related Party Transactions [Abstract] | |
| Related-Party Transactions |
Related-Party Transactions
Gladstone Management and Gladstone Administration
We are externally managed pursuant to contractual arrangements with our Adviser and our Administrator, which collectively employ all of our personnel and pay their salaries, benefits, and general expenses directly. Both our Adviser and Administrator are affiliates of ours, as their parent company is owned and controlled by Mr. David Gladstone, our chairman and chief executive officer. Two of our executive officers, Mr. Gladstone and Mr. Terry Brubaker (our vice chairman and chief operating officer) serve as directors and executive officers of our Adviser and our Administrator. Our president, Mr. Robert Cutlip, is an executive managing director of our Adviser. Mr. Michael LiCalsi, our general counsel and secretary, serves as our Administrator’s president, general counsel and secretary. We have an Advisory Agreement (as defined below) with our Adviser and an administration agreement with our Administrator, or the Administration Agreement. The services and fees under the Advisory Agreement and Administration Agreement are described below. At March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, $2.1 million and $2.1 million, respectively, was collectively due to our Adviser and Administrator.
Base Management Fee
On July 24, 2015, we entered into a Second Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement with the Adviser, effective July 1, 2015. We subsequently entered into a Third Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement with the Adviser on July 12, 2016, effective July 1, 2016, and, as described below, a Fourth Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Agreement with the Adviser on January 10, 2017, effective October 1, 2016, which we collectively refer to herein as the Advisory Agreement. Our entrance into each of the amended agreements was approved unanimously by our Board of Directors. Our Board of Directors reviews and considers renewing the agreement with our Adviser each July.
As a result of the July 2015 amendment, the calculation of the annual base management fee equals 1.5% of our adjusted total stockholders’ equity, which is our total stockholders’ equity (before giving effect to the base management fee and incentive fee), adjusted to exclude the effect of any unrealized gains or losses that do not affect realized net income (including impairment charges) and adjusted for any one-time events and certain non-cash items (the later to occur for a given quarter only upon the approval of our Compensation Committee). The fee is calculated and accrued quarterly as 0.375% per quarter of such adjusted total stockholders’ equity figure. As a result of the July 2016 amendment, the definition of adjusted total stockholders' equity in the calculation of the base management fee and the incentive fee (described below) includes total mezzanine equity. Our Adviser does not charge acquisition or disposition fees when we acquire or dispose of properties, as is common in other externally managed REITs; however, our Adviser may earn fee income from our borrowers, tenants or other sources. Prior to the 2015 amendment, the Advisory Agreement provided for an annual base management fee equal to 2.0% of our common stockholders’ equity, which was our total stockholders’ equity, less the recorded value of any preferred stock and adjusted to exclude the effect of any unrealized gains, losses, or other items that did not affect realized net income (including impairment charges).
For the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, we recorded a base management fee of $1.2 million, and $0.9 million, respectively.
Incentive Fee
As a result of the July 2015 amendment, the calculation of the incentive fee was revised to reward the Adviser in circumstances where our quarterly Core FFO (defined at the end of this paragraph), before giving effect to any incentive fee, or pre-incentive fee Core FFO, exceeds 2.0% quarterly, or 8.0% annualized, of adjusted total stockholders’ equity (after giving effect to the base management fee but before giving effect to the incentive fee, and which, as a result of the July 2016 amendment to the Advisory Agreement, now includes total mezzanine equity). We refer to this as the new hurdle rate. The Adviser will receive 15.0% of the amount of our pre-incentive fee Core FFO that exceeds the new hurdle rate. However, in no event shall the incentive fee for a particular quarter exceed by 15.0% (the cap) the average quarterly incentive fee paid by us for the previous four quarters (excluding quarters for which no incentive fee was paid). Core FFO (as defined in the Advisory Agreement) is GAAP net income (loss) available to common stockholders, excluding the incentive fee, depreciation and amortization, any realized and unrealized gains, losses or other non-cash items recorded in net income (loss) available to common stockholders for the period, and one-time events pursuant to changes in GAAP.
The incentive fee prior to the July 2015 amendment rewarded the Adviser in circumstances where our quarterly funds from operations, or FFO, before giving effect to any incentive fee, or pre-incentive fee FFO, exceeded 1.75%, or 7.0% annualized, or the hurdle rate, of common stockholders’ equity. FFO, included any realized capital gains and capital losses, less any distributions paid on preferred stock and Senior Common Stock, but FFO did not include any unrealized capital gains or losses (including impairment charges). The Adviser received 100.0% of the amount of the pre-incentive fee FFO that exceeded the hurdle rate, but was less than 2.1875% of our common stockholders’ equity. The Adviser also received an incentive fee of 20.0% of the amount of our pre-incentive fee FFO that exceeded 2.1875% of common stockholders’ equity.
For the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, we recorded an incentive fee of $0.6 million and $0.6 million, respectively. The Adviser did not waive any portion of the incentive fee for the three months ended March 31, 2017 or 2016, respectively. Waivers cannot be recouped by the Adviser in the future.
Capital Gain Fee
Under the Advisory Agreement, as amended in July 2015, we will pay to the Adviser a capital gains-based incentive fee that will be calculated and payable in arrears as of the end of each fiscal year (or upon termination of the Advisory Agreement). In determining the capital gain fee, we will calculate aggregate realized capital gains and aggregate realized capital losses for the applicable time period. For this purpose, aggregate realized capital gains and losses, if any, equals the realized gain or loss calculated by the difference between the sales price of the property, less any costs to sell the property and the current gross value of the property (which is calculated as the original acquisition price plus any subsequent non-reimbursed capital improvements). At the end of the fiscal year, if this number is positive, then the capital gain fee payable for such time period shall equal 15.0% of such amount. No capital gain fee was recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2017 or 2016.
On January 10, 2017, we amended and restated the Advisory Agreement by entering into the Fourth Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Agreement between us and the Adviser to revise the calculation of the capital gains fee. Based upon the amendment, the calculation of the capital gains fee is based on the all-in acquisition cost of disposed of properties. The impact of this amendment would not have resulted in a capital gains fee for previously reported periods.
Termination Fee
As a result of the July 2015 amendment, the Advisory Agreement includes a termination fee whereby, in the event of our termination thereof without cause (with 120 days’ prior written notice and the vote of at least two-thirds of our independent directors), a termination fee would be payable to the Adviser equal to two times the sum of the average annual base management fee and incentive fee earned by the Adviser during the 24-month period prior to such termination. A termination fee is also payable if the Adviser terminates the Advisory Agreement after we have defaulted and applicable cure periods have expired. The Advisory Agreement may also be terminated for cause by us (with 30 days’ prior written notice and the vote of at least two-thirds of our independent directors), with no termination fee payable. Cause is defined in the agreement to include if the Adviser breaches any material provisions thereof, the bankruptcy or insolvency of the Adviser, dissolution of the Adviser and fraud or misappropriation of funds.
Administration Agreement
Under the terms of the Administration Agreement, we pay separately for our allocable portion of the Administrator’s overhead expenses in performing its obligations to us including, but not limited to, rent and our allocable portion of the salaries and benefits expenses of our Administrator's employees, including, but not limited to, our chief financial officer, treasurer, chief compliance officer, general counsel and secretary (who also serves as our Administrator’s president, general counsel and secretary), and their respective staffs. Our allocable portion of the Administrator’s expenses are generally derived by multiplying our Administrator's total expenses by the approximate percentage of time the Administrator's employees perform services for us in relation to their time spent performing services for all companies serviced by our Administrator under contractual agreements. For the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, we recorded an administration fee of $0.4 million and $0.4 million, respectively.
Gladstone Securities
Gladstone Securities, LLC, or Gladstone Securities, is a privately held broker dealer registered with the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority and insured by the Securities Investor Protection Corporation. Gladstone Securities is an affiliate of ours, as its parent company is owned and controlled by Mr. David Gladstone, our chairman and chief executive officer. Mr. Gladstone also serves on the board of managers of Gladstone Securities.
Mortgage Financing Arrangement Agreement
We entered into an agreement with Gladstone Securities, effective June 18, 2013, for it to act as our non-exclusive agent to assist us with arranging mortgage financing for properties we own. In connection with this engagement, Gladstone Securities will, from time to time, continue to solicit the interest of various commercial real estate lenders or recommend to us third party lenders offering credit products or packages that are responsive to our needs. We pay Gladstone Securities a financing fee in connection with the services it provides to us for securing mortgage financing on any of our properties. The amount of these financing fees, which are payable upon closing of the financing, are based on a percentage of the amount of the mortgage, generally ranging from 0.15% to a maximum of 1.0% of the mortgage obtained. The amount of the financing fees may be reduced or eliminated, as determined by us and Gladstone Securities, after taking into consideration various factors, including, but not limited to, the involvement of any third party brokers and market conditions. We did not pay financing fees to Gladstone Securities during the three months ended March 31, 2017 but paid Gladstone Securities $0.08 million during the three months ended March 31, 2016, which are included in mortgage notes payable, net, in the condensed consolidated balance sheets, or 0.43% of mortgage principal secured. Our Board of Directors renewed the agreement for an additional year, through August 31, 2017, at its July 2016 meeting.
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